Malaria is the most serious infectious disease in Timor-Leste, and one of the Ministry of Health’s highest priorities. As part of USAID’s new 5-year Country Strategy and the US Mission Performance Plan, USAID is providing support for the prevention and control of this potentially life-threatening disease. Specifically, in support of the ministry’s national anti-malaria strategy, USAID has provided some 40,000 long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets, which are being delivered to all district health centers around the country. These family-sized bed nets will go those at greatest risk: pregnant women and children under the age of 5 years.

The ministry estimates that more than 47,000 Timorese are infected with malaria every year. While about 150 deaths are reported annually, it is likely that many more malaria-related deaths go unrecorded. Treated nets offer an effective way to help reduce malaria transmission because the insecticide not only kills mosquitoes on direct contact, but also repels them throughout the house. The type of nets selected, PermaNet, was chosen based on certifications for effectiveness and safety by the World Health Organization. With appropriate care, these nets may retain their effectiveness for up to 5 years.

The first shipment of 20,000 mosquito nets was handed over to Vice Minister of Health Luis Lobato by US Ambassador Grover Joseph Rees in October. The remaining nets were delivered in early November. HealthNet International, BASICS3, and other non-governmental organizations will help the ministry distribute the nets, train healthcare workers in their use, and educate community recipients.

USAID's Small Grants Program provided a grant of $212,000 to purchase the treated mosquito nets. This support will improve the health of Timor-Leste's people, particularly its mothers and children, and help reduce the impact of malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases. Based on demographic estimates, the 40,000 nets are enough to provide long-lasting protection against malaria for women throughout Timor-Leste who are currently pregnant, as well as for their youngest children.

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